SLO/🇸🇮
Ta geocache je namenjen raziskovanju dela zgodovine Maribora kot tudi ene izmed njegovih legend. Postaje tega geocacha lahko obiščete v katerem koli vrstnem redu, najbolj optimalen pa je vrstni red, kot je zapisan. Začetna lokacija je virtualna, tukaj ni skritega ničesar.
Florjanov kip (N 46° 33.614' E 15° 38.889')
Skozi leta je Maribor doživel marsikatero katastrofo - od turških vpadov do velikih požarov. V 17. stoletju je bilo v mestu več požarov. Mariborčani so mesto vedno uspeli obnoviti. Kip, poleg katerega stojite, je postavljen v čast Svetemu Florjanu, zaščitniku gasilcev. Postavljen je bil, da bi naše mesto varoval pred požari. Na začetku je bil obrnjen v smeri proti mestu, vendar so ga vmes umaknili, ker so preko tega trga speljali cesto. Kasneje so Grajski trg namenili le pešcem in kip vrnili na prvotno mesto, le obrnili so ga v drugo smer.
Kip Florjana danes gleda v smeri proti:
a) severu (A=1)
b) jugu (A=7)
c) vzhodu (A=4)
d) zahodu (A=3)
1. Mesarski prehod (N 46° 33.445' E 15° 38.700)
V mestu je v ozki uličici na jugovzhodu takratnega Maribora živel čevljarski vajenec. Preživljal se je z delom v majhni in skromni čevljarski delavnici. Delal je od jutra do večera, po končanem delu pa je moral še počistiti delavnico. Glede na njegov skrit pogum bi si zagotovo zaslužil, da bi v Mariboru obstajala tudi Čevljarska ulica. Morda je nekoč bila, pa tega ne vemo. Trenutno se nahajate pri ulici imenovani Mesarski prehod. To je ozka ulica, ki vodi proti Dravi in Lentu. Poimenovana je po obrti, ki so jo tam nekoč izvajali. Mesarski prehod pa ni edini, ki ima ime po obrti. Tako ostajajo še na primer Lekarniška ulica, Ključavničarska ulica in druge. Morda je bila čevljarčkova ulica tako ozka kot je danes Mesarski prehod.
B= število oken z rdečo obrobo
2. Koroška vrata (N 46° 33.479' E 15° 38.486)
Po virih sodeč so 13. septembra 1532 mesto Maribor začeli oblegati Turki. Razlog za obleganje je bila strateška lega mesta ter most čez Dravo.
Odpor proti Turkom je vodil takratni mestni sodnik Krištof Willenrainer. Bil je premožen prebivalec Maribora, ki je dal utrditi obzidje okoli Stolnice svetega Janeza Krstnika in mesto preskrbel s strelivom in smodnikom. Prav tako je meščane izobrazil, kako ravnati ob času napada ter za zaščito mesta prispeval tudi lasten denar.
Ker Turki obzidja niso mogli preplezati, so se ga odločili spodkopati, saj zaradi naglice napada Mariborčani niso imeli časa spustiti vode v obrambne jarke. Če se Turkom ne bi mudilo domov, bi mesto porušili v dveh dneh, saj je branilcev bilo le med 200 in 250, turška vojska pa je štela okoli 100 000 mož. Na mestu, kjer se trenutno nahajate, lahko vidite ostanke obzidja. Le-tega niso porušili Turki, temveč nekaj sto let kasneje prebivalci Maribora sami, saj se je Maribor širil.
Del obzidja so bili tudi stolpi in grad. Eden izmed teh stolpov se nahaja nekaj metrov nižje od vaše lokacije in ga s točke, kjer stojite, lahko lepo vidite. Ta stolp se imenuje Sodni stolp. Tako ime je dobil zaradi sodnih procesov proti čarovnicam, ki so jih izvajali v njem. Noben izmed teh procesov se naj ne bi končal s smrtno obsodbo. Stolp je pred tem imel drugačno ime in sicer "Pristaniški stolp". Originalno je imel ravno streho s topovi na vrhu.
Mesto, kjer se nahajate, se imenuje Koroška vrata in tukaj so bila ena izmed vstopnih vrat v mesto. Njihovo lokacijo danes naznanjuje le izklesan grb na zeleni hiši. Skozi ta vrata naj bi izstopil tudi naš Čevljarček, ko je stekel proti Trem ribnikom.
Slika 1: Nekdanja koroška vrata z mostom preko obrambnega jarka
Na zeleni stavbi pri postaji je grb: C = število majhnih pravokotnikov okoli grba
3. Sodni stolp in obzidje
Obzidje je bilo zgrajeno med letoma 1255 in 1275 in je obsegalo je okoli dva kilometra. Ko pogledamo na obzidje, si z lahko predstavljamo njegovo velikost. Visoko je bilo od 7 do 8 metrov in široko približno meter in pol. Okoli je bil speljan globok obrambni jarek, ki so ga v primeru nevarnosti napolnili z vodo. Domačini so v času obleganja mesto branili s strelnim orožjem, pa tudi s polivanjem vrele vode, olja in smole preko obzidja. V času turškega vpada so sovražniki obzidje skušali preplezati, a jim ni uspelo. Obzidje so zatem skušali spodkopati. Tu pa spet nastopi naš pogumni čevljarček. Le zakaj? Odgovor boste našli na naslednjih postajah.
Za zidom je Minoritski samostan (rumena hiša s strmo streho):
D = število okroglih oken pod streho (vidna z lokacije)
4. Čeligijev stolp (N 46° 33.636' E 15° 38.612)
Stojite pred Čeligijevim stolpom, znanim tudi pod imenom črni, mučilni in smodniški stolp. Svoje glavno ime je dobil po mariborskih pivovarjih Tscheligijih, ki so imeli svojo pivovarno v neposredni bližini. Stolp je bil del severnega dela obzidja in je bil zgrajen med leti 1460 in 1465. Do danes je edini ohranjeni izmed petih, ki so branili sever Maribora.
E= število reflektorjev (okoli njih so rjave škatle) okoli stolpa
5. Trije ribniki (N 46° 34.1500' E 15° 38.888')
Turški vpad je bil eden izmed pomembnih zgodovinskih dogodkov mesta Maribor. Pričel se je 13. 9. 1532, ko so se Turki pod vodstvom Sulejmana II vračali iz Dunaja. Trajal je tri dni. Legenda o Čevljarčku pravi, da so se Mariborčani dobro upirali tujcem. Toda jarek je bil suh in Turki so začeli spodkopavati obzidje. Nujno potrebno je bilo spustiti vodo v obrambne jarke. Tega si ni upal storiti nihče razen vajenca Čevljarčka. Preoblečen v Turka je stekel skozi Koroška vrata čez turški tabor proti Trem ribnikom.
Nekje na mestu, kjer se sedaj nahajate, je bila zapornica. Čevljarček je napel vse moči, dvignil težko zapornico in spustil vodo iz ribnikov, ki so bili zaradi obilice dežja do vrha polni. Voda je stekla po obrambnem jarku in odplaknila vse na svoji poti. Mnogo Turkov je utonilo, ostali pa so zaradi strahu prenehali z obleganjem. Zgradili so svoj most, ki naj bi se po nekaterih virih nahajal pri Bresternici, po drugih pa v Melju. Turško obleganje se je prenehalo, ko so vsi Turki prečkali most. Slednjega so nato sežgali in svojo jezo znesli nad vasmi na Dravskem polju. Čevljarček je postal junak Maribora in o njem starši še danes pripovedujejo legendo svojim otrokom.
F= število stebrov na paviljonu na strani dlje od ribnika
KONČNA LOKACIJA (množenje je označeno z *): N 46° 34.(F+3)(D+2)' E 15° 38.(E+1)A(2*C-3*B+1)'
viri podatkov: raziskovalna naloga avtorice Rahele Horvat Toš in knjiga Čevljarček (Avtor: Maja Brodschneider Kotnik)
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ENG/🇬🇧
This geocache is intended for exploring part of Maribor's history as well as one of its legends. You can visit the waypoints of this geocache in any order, but the most optimal order is as written. The initial location is virtual; there is nothing hidden here.
Florian's Statue (N 46° 33.614' E 15° 38.889')
Over the years, Maribor has experienced many disasters - from Turkish invasions to large fires. In the 17th century, there were several fires in the city. The people of Maribor always managed to rebuild the city. The statue next to which you stand is dedicated to Saint Florian, the patron saint of firefighters. It was erected to protect our city from fires. Initially, it faced towards the city, but it was later moved because a road was built through this square. Later, Grajski trg (Castle Square) was dedicated only to pedestrians, and the statue was returned to its original location, only it was turned in the different direction.
The Florian statue today faces towards:
a) north (A=1)
b) south (A=7)
c) east (A=4)
d) west (A=3)
1. The Butcher's Passage (N 46° 33.445' E 15° 38.700)
In the narrow alley in the southeast of the former Maribor, there lived an apprentice shoemaker. He made a living working in a small and modest shoemaking workshop. He worked from morning till evening, and after finishing his work, he had to clean the workshop. Given his hidden courage, he certainly deserved for Maribor to have a Shoemaker's Street. Perhaps it once existed, but we do not know. Currently, you are located at the street called Butcher's Passage. It is a narrow street that leads towards the Drava River and Lent. It is named after the craft that was once practiced there. Butcher's Passage is not the only one named after a craft. There are also, for example, Pharmacy Street, Locksmith Street, and others. Perhaps the shoemaker's street was as narrow as Butcher's Passage is today.
B= number of windows with a red border
2. Carinthia Gate (N 46° 33.479' E 15° 38.486)
According to sources, on September 13, 1532, the city of Maribor was besieged by the Turks. The reason for the siege was the strategic location of the city and the bridge over the Drava River.
Resistance against the Turks was led by the then city judge Christoph Willenrainer. He was a wealthy resident of Maribor who fortified the walls around the St. John the Baptist Cathedral and provided the city with ammunition and gunpowder. He also educated the citizens on how to act during the attack and contributed his own money to the protection of the city.
Since the Turks couldn't climb over the walls, they decided to undermine them because due to the haste of the attack, the people of Maribor didn't have time to fill the defensive ditches with water. If the Turks hadn't been in a hurry to return home, they would have destroyed the city in two days, as there were only between 200 and 250 defenders, while the Turkish army numbered around 100,000 men. At the location where you currently stand, you can see the remains of the city walls. The Turks did not destroy them; instead, they were demolished by the residents of Maribor themselves a few hundred years later as Maribor expanded.
Part of the walls also included towers and a castle. One of these towers is located a few meters below your current location and can be easily seen from where you stand. This tower is called the Judgment Tower. It received this name because witch trials were conducted there. None of these trials were supposed to end in a death sentence. The tower had a different name before that, namely "Port Tower". Originally, it had a flat roof with cannons on top.
The place where you are located is called Carinthian Gate, and it was one of the entry gates into the city. The name Carinthia Gate came from the part of Slovenia and Austria, named Koroška [Koroshka] or kärnten in German. Their location today is indicated only by a carved coat of arms on the green house. It is through these gates that our Shoemaker is said to have exited when he ran towards the Three Ponds.
Picture 1: Former Koroška Gate with a bridge over the defensive moat.
On the green building by the station is a coat of arms: C = number of small rectangles around the coat of arms.
3. Judicial Tower and City Walls
The city walls were built between 1255 and 1275 and spanned about two kilometers. When we look at the walls, we can imagine their size. They were about 7 to 8 meters high and approximately a meter and a half wide. Surrounding them was a deep defensive moat, which, in times of danger, was filled with water. During sieges, the townspeople defended the city with firearms, as well as by pouring boiling water, oil, and resin over the walls. During the Turkish invasion, the enemies attempted to climb the walls, but they failed. They then attempted to undermine the walls. Here again, our brave shoemaker comes into play. But why? You'll find the answer at the next stations.
Behind the wall is the Minorite Monastery (yellow house with a steep roof):
D = number of round windows under the roof (visible from the location).
4. Čeligij Tower (N 46° 33.636' E 15° 38.612)
You are standing in front of the Čeligij Tower, also known as the Black, Torture, and Gunpowder Tower. Its main name comes from the Maribor brewers Tscheligij, who had their brewery nearby. The tower was part of the northern section of the city walls and was built between 1460 and 1465. It is the only one preserved to this day out of the five that defended the north of Maribor.
E= number of floodlights (brown boxes around them) around the tower.
5. The Three Ponds (N 46° 34.1500' E 15° 38.888')
The Turkish invasion was one of the important historical events in the city of Maribor. It began on September 13, 1532, when the Turks, led by Suleiman II, were returning from Vienna. It lasted for three days. The legend of the Shoemaker tells us that the people of Maribor resisted the foreigners well. But the moat was dry, and the Turks began undermining the city walls. It was urgently necessary to release water into the defensive moats. No one dared to do it except for the apprentice Shoemaker. Disguised as a Turk, he ran through the Carinthian Gate, through the Turkish camp, towards the Three Ponds.
Somewhere at the location where you are now, there was a sluice gate. The Shoemaker exerted all his strength, lifted the heavy sluice gate, and released the water from the ponds, which were full to the brim due to heavy rain. The water flowed through the defensive moat and washed away everything in its path. Many Turks drowned, while the rest, out of fear, ceased their siege. They built their bridge, which according to some sources was located near Bresternica, while according to others it was in Melje. The Turkish siege ended when all the Turks crossed the bridge. It was later burnt down, and their anger was vented upon the villages in the Drava field. The Shoemaker became a hero of Maribor, and parents still tell the legend to their children today.
F= number of pillars on the pavilion on the side furthest from the pond
FINAL LOCATION (* means multiplication): N 46° 34.(F+3)(D+2)' E 15° 38.(E+1)A(2*C-3*B+1)'
Data sources: research paper by Rahela Horvat Toš and the book "Čevljarček" (Author: Maja Brodschneider Kotnik)
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